{"id":16595,"date":"2021-11-19T11:46:10","date_gmt":"2021-11-19T10:46:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/?p=16595"},"modified":"2022-10-01T04:11:45","modified_gmt":"2022-10-01T04:11:45","slug":"vtaky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/vtaky\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1pady, ako pom\u00f4c\u0165 vt\u00e1kom nielen po\u010das chladn\u00fdch dn\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u010clovek prikrmuje vt\u00e1ctvo u\u017e po dlh\u00fd \u010das,\u00a0i ke\u010f to nebolo v\u017edy z\u00e1mern\u00e9. Niektor\u00e9 druhy, ako napr. vrabce, si navykli \u017ei\u0165 pri \u013eudsk\u00fdch obydliach a \u017eivi\u0165 sa t\u00fdm, \u010do n\u00e1jdu.<\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161a krajina sa za posledn\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia ve\u013emi zmenila. V minulosti sa mal\u00e9 polia odde\u013eovali medzami \u2013 neobroben\u00fdmi p\u00e1smi s po\u013en\u00fdmi burinami, kr\u00edkmi a stromorad\u00edm. Polia boli nezaoran\u00e9, mnoh\u00e9 le\u017eali \u00fahorom. V krajine bolo viac l\u00fak, ktor\u00e9 sa kosili v r\u00f4znych obdobiach a menej \u010dasto. Plody byl\u00edn, kr\u00edkov a stromov poskytovali vt\u00e1ctvu dostatok potravy aj po\u010das tuhej a dlhej zimy. Dnes vid\u00edme nav\u00f4kol ve\u013ek\u00e9 l\u00e1ny pol\u00ed, nakr\u00e1tko pokosen\u00e9 tr\u00e1vniky, p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 kry a stromy nahradili ihli\u010dnany. Preto m\u00e1 spr\u00e1vne prikrmovanie vt\u00e1kov\u00a0po\u010das zimn\u00e9ho obdobia ve\u013ek\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n<p>S prikrmovan\u00edm za\u010d\u00edname na jese\u0148 a kon\u010d\u00edme s pr\u00edchodom jari. Ukazuje sa, \u017ee na plnom k\u0155midle sa zastavia aj vt\u00e1ky smeruj\u00face na svoje hniezdisk\u00e1 v \u010dase od febru\u00e1ra do apr\u00edla. V materi\u00e1li, ktor\u00fd sme vydali, n\u00e1jdetete operence, s ktor\u00fdmi sa u n\u00e1s na k\u0155midl\u00e1ch stretnete naj\u010dastej\u0161ie. Zak\u00fapi\u0165 si ho m\u00f4\u017eete <a href=\"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/sk\/e-shop\/vzdelavacie-vychytavky\/vtaky-na-krmidle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TU<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fa v\u0161ak druhy vt\u00e1kov, ktor\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9 obydlia nevyh\u013ead\u00e1vaj\u00fa. Ich popul\u00e1cie je tie\u017e d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 podpori\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u00e1pady na pomoc vt\u00e1kom na k\u0155midle:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u0155midlo umiestnime mimo dosahu pred\u00e1torov, najm\u00e4 ma\u010diek,\u00a0vo v\u00fd\u0161ke min. 1,5 m nad zemou na vidite\u013en\u00e9 miesto, \u010falej od ciest a presklen\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch, do ktor\u00fdch by mohli vt\u00e1ky pri preletoch nar\u00e1\u017ea\u0165.<\/li>\n<li>K\u0155midlo nie je smetn\u00fd k\u00f4\u0161 v kuchyni. Chlieb a pe\u010divo, slan\u00e9, \u00faden\u00e9 \u010di ochuten\u00e9 potraviny s\u00fa pre vt\u00e1ky \u00faplne nevhodn\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 za\u017e\u00edvacie probl\u00e9my a \u00fahyn.<\/li>\n<li>Vt\u00e1ky najviac ob\u013eubuj\u00fa\u00a0slne\u010dnicu, prikrmova\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eeme aj repkou, prosom, ovsom \u010di p\u0161enicou, ide\u00e1lne je kombinova\u0165 ich v\u017edy so slne\u010dnicou. S\u00fdkorky a \u010fatle ob\u013eubuj\u00fa orechy a loj, najm\u00e4 hov\u00e4dz\u00ed. Straky a sojky\u00a0maj\u00fa rady kukuricu.<\/li>\n<li>K\u0155midlo treba pravidelne \u010disti\u0165 z d\u00f4vodu\u00a0prevencie chor\u00f4b. Ak na \u0148om pozorujeme vt\u00e1ky s pr\u00edznakmi chor\u00f4b (mal\u00e1tnos\u0165, na\u0161uchoren\u00e9 perie, \u00fahyn), k\u0155menie na t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 zastavme. K\u0155midlo schovajme a vydezinfikujme pr\u00edpravkom proti bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m, hub\u00e1m, plesniam\u00a0a v\u00edrusom. Pri manipul\u00e1cii dbajme na vlastn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165.<\/li>\n<li>Ak na k\u0155midle uvid\u00edme dravca,\u00a0napr. jastraba krahulca loviaceho vt\u00e1ky, nezasahujme do tohto deja \u2013 aj on chce pre\u017ei\u0165.<\/li>\n<li>Vodn\u00e9 vt\u00e1ky, napr. ka\u010dice \u010di labute, nesmieme\u00a0prikrmova\u0165 pe\u010divom. Nem\u00e1 pre nich potrebn\u00fa v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fa hodnotu\u00a0\u2013 neobsahuje vitam\u00edny, miner\u00e1lne l\u00e1tky, stopov\u00e9 prvky. M\u00f4\u017ee im sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 tr\u00e1viace \u0165a\u017ekosti, pr\u00edpadne probl\u00e9my\u00a0s operen\u00edm a stavbou kost\u00ed vo forme tzv. anjelsk\u00fdch kr\u00eddel pri labutiach (deform\u00e1cia kr\u00eddel, ktor\u00e1\u00a0zapr\u00ed\u010di\u0148uje probl\u00e9my pri lietan\u00ed).<\/li>\n<li>Vodn\u00e9 vt\u00e1ky m\u00f4\u017eeme prikrmova\u0165 kukuricou, p\u0161enicou, ja\u010dme\u0148om, labute\u00a0a ka\u010dice nepohrdn\u00fa ani odrezkami zo zeleniny, ke\u010f\u017ee sa prirodzene \u017eivia rastlinnou potravou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u00e1pady na pomoc vt\u00e1kom po\u010das roka:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Z\u00e1hrada priate\u013esk\u00e1 vo\u010di vt\u00e1kom m\u00e1: nepokosen\u00e9\u00a0\u010dasti, v ktor\u00fdch prezimuj\u00fa hmyz\u00a0a pav\u00faky, popadan\u00e9 listy, kde vt\u00e1ky n\u00e1jdu r\u00f4znu potravu (d\u00e1\u017e\u010fovky, ulitn\u00edky a hmyz), a kompost.<\/li>\n<li>Po\u010das tepl\u00fdch dn\u00ed vt\u00e1kom pom\u00f4\u017eeme nap\u00e1jadlom. Sta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00fd kvetin\u00e1\u010d\u00a0s kame\u0148om, umiestnen\u00fd mimo dosahu pred\u00e1torov. V zime je ako zdroj\u00a0vody vhodn\u00e9 napichn\u00fa\u0165 jablko na kon\u00e1r.<\/li>\n<li>Stromov\u00e9 dutiny (vzniknut\u00e9 po odlomen\u00ed kon\u00e1ra \u010di pr\u00e1ci \u010fat\u013ea) poskytn\u00fa \u00fakryt vt\u00e1kom a hmyzu a priestor na\u00a0hniezdenie. Vt\u00e1ky hniezdiace v dutin\u00e1ch naz\u00fdvame dutinov\u00e9 hniezdi\u010de.<\/li>\n<li>Pestovan\u00edm vhodn\u00fdch kr\u00edkov (baza \u010dierna, ru\u017ea\u00a0\u0161\u00edpov\u00e1, br\u0161len eur\u00f3psky, hloh jednosemenn\u00fd, sv\u00edb krvav\u00fd, zemolez) podpor\u00edme r\u00f4zne druhy ope\u013eova\u010dov a vt\u00e1kom poskytneme potravu.<\/li>\n<li>Pestovan\u00edm p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch stromov (napr. jarabina vt\u00e1\u010dia, drie\u0148 oby\u010dajn\u00fd) poskytneme vt\u00e1kom mo\u017enos\u0165 hniezdi\u0165, \u00fato\u010disko a zdroj potravy. Ich plodmi sa \u017eiv\u00ed v priemere a\u017e \u0161es\u0165kr\u00e1t viac vt\u00e1kov\u00a0v porovnan\u00ed s nep\u00f4vodn\u00fdmi druhmi, ktor\u00e9 sa u n\u00e1s prirodzene nevyskytuj\u00fa.<\/li>\n<li>Pop\u00ednav\u00e9 rastliny, napr. pavini\u010d, plamienok, \u010di bre\u010dtan, predstavuj\u00fa pre\u00a0vt\u00e1ky ochranu pred pred\u00e1tormi a mo\u017enos\u0165 hniezdenia. Bre\u010dtan patr\u00ed k najnesk\u00f4r kvitn\u00facim druhom, ktor\u00fd l\u00e1ka hmyz a poskytuje mu tak potravu. Bobu\u013eami bre\u010dtanu sa vt\u00e1ky \u017eivia.<\/li>\n<li>Semen\u00e1 r\u00f4znych druhov bodliakov s\u00fa pre operence skvel\u00fdm zdrojom potravy, nechajme ich preto\u00a0v na\u0161ej z\u00e1hrade dozrie\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u010eal\u0161ie n\u00e1vrhy pre v\u00e1s:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edru\u010dka<\/strong> od <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dravce.sk\">Ochrany dravcov na Slovensku<\/a> o \u017eivote vt\u00e1kov v mest\u00e1ch, v ktorej sa dozviete:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ako prebieha vt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed rok,<\/li>\n<li>pre\u010do s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 star\u00e9 stromy,<\/li>\n<li>n\u00e1vod ako vyrobi\u0165 b\u00fadku \u010di k\u0155midlo,<\/li>\n<li>ak\u00fa potravu m\u00f4\u017eete pon\u00faknu\u0165 vt\u00e1kom po\u010das zimy,<\/li>\n<li>ako postupova\u0165 pri z\u00e1chrane operencov a mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie tipy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Stiahnu\u0165 si ju m\u00f4\u017eete <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dravce.sk\/web\/images\/2020\/prirucka_Zive_mesta_zive_miesta\/prirucka_Zive_mesta_zive_miesta_final_compressed.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TU<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Plag\u00e1t<\/strong> od Slovenskej ornitologickej spolo\u010dnosti (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtaky.sk\">SOS\/BirdLife<\/a>) k zimn\u00e9mu prikrmovaniu vt\u00e1ctva si stiahnite <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtaky.sk\/media\/file\/Zimne_prikrmovanie_plagat.pdf?fbclid=IwAR09-hAe1PX28iokuhqQFMB3q1ExlG-uXHtriq5b8PYFCiQPKQYMo8MTibY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TU<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010clovek prikrmuje vt\u00e1ctvo u\u017e po dlh\u00fd \u010das,\u00a0i ke\u010f to nebolo v\u017edy z\u00e1mern\u00e9. Niektor\u00e9 druhy, ako napr. vrabce, si navykli \u017ei\u0165 pri \u013eudsk\u00fdch obydliach a \u017eivi\u0165 sa t\u00fdm, \u010do n\u00e1jdu. Na\u0161a krajina sa za posledn\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia ve\u013emi zmenila. V minulosti sa mal\u00e9 polia odde\u013eovali medzami \u2013 neobroben\u00fdmi p\u00e1smi s po\u013en\u00fdmi burinami, kr\u00edkmi a stromorad\u00edm. Polia boli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[],"kategoria-bigling":[],"class_list":["post-16595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-aktuality"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1.png","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1.png",1080,773,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1-300x215.png",300,215,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1-768x550.png",768,550,true],"large":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1-1024x733.png",1024,733,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1.png",1080,773,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1.png",1080,773,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Cervienka_web-1-450x450.png",450,450,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u010clovek prikrmuje vt\u00e1ctvo u\u017e po dlh\u00fd \u010das,\u00a0i ke\u010f to nebolo v\u017edy z\u00e1mern\u00e9. Niektor\u00e9 druhy, ako napr. vrabce, si navykli \u017ei\u0165 pri \u013eudsk\u00fdch obydliach a \u017eivi\u0165 sa t\u00fdm, \u010do n\u00e1jdu. Na\u0161a krajina sa za posledn\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia ve\u013emi zmenila. V minulosti sa mal\u00e9 polia odde\u013eovali medzami \u2013 neobroben\u00fdmi p\u00e1smi s po\u013en\u00fdmi burinami, kr\u00edkmi a stromorad\u00edm. Polia boli","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"meta_box":{"canky":false,"feature_image_off":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16595"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16595\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20054,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16595\/revisions\/20054"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16595"},{"taxonomy":"kategoria-bigling","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategoria-bigling?post=16595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}