{"id":21943,"date":"2022-12-11T07:05:48","date_gmt":"2022-12-11T07:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/?post_type=bigling&p=21943"},"modified":"2023-02-08T10:23:32","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T10:23:32","slug":"neusiedlersee","status":"publish","type":"bigling","link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/bigling\/neusiedlersee\/","title":{"rendered":"Neusiedlersee"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Husi div\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou jedine\u010dn\u00e9ho koloritu Nezidersk\u00e9ho jazera. Foto: \u0160efferov\u00e1 Stanov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Neusiedlersee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pribli\u017ene 100 km2 N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku Neusiedler See - Seewinkel le\u017e\u00ed na rak\u00faskom a 200 km2 na ma\u010farskom \u00fazem\u00ed. V jeho okol\u00ed sa m\u00f4\u017eete vyda\u0165 niektorou z 2 500 kilometrov dlh\u00fdch cyklotr\u00e1s - t\u00e1 najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ia, dlh\u00e1 138 kilometrov, je prepojen\u00e1 s Dunajskou cyklocestou. Pre n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park je typick\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e1 rozmanitos\u0165 druhov aj biotopov \u2013 n\u00e1jdeme tu l\u00faky, slanisk\u00e1, slan\u00e9 jazer\u00e1, \u010di rozsiahle porasty trstiny. Priemern\u00e1 h\u013abka vody v jazere je nie\u010do cez jeden meter. N\u00e1rodn\u00fd park je zn\u00e1my najm\u00e4 bohat\u00fdm v\u00fdskytom vt\u00e1ctva - m\u00f4\u017eeme tu pozorova\u0165 a\u017e 350 r\u00f4znych druhov.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Rastlinstvo a \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161stvo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1jdeme tu mnoh\u00e9 vz\u00e1cne druhy rastl\u00edn a \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 na extr\u00e9mne podmienky slan\u00edsk a pieskov. Pan\u00f3nske travinno-bylinn\u00e9 porasty na pieskoch s\u00fa v celej Eur\u00f3pe osobitne chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 ako takzvan\u00fd \u201eprioritn\u00fd biotop\u201c. Na Seedamm (juhoz\u00e1padne od Illmitz) rast\u00fa aj botanick\u00e9 rarity, ako je slanoby\u013e rusk\u00e1 <\/strong>(Salsola kali)<\/em> a skorocelovec pieso\u010dn\u00fd<\/strong> (Plantago arenaria)<\/em>. Pri troche \u0161\u0165astia tu objav\u00edme aj druh pieso\u010dnej osy<\/strong> (Bembix rostrata)<\/em>, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 jedin\u00fd v\u00fdskyt v Rak\u00fasku pr\u00e1ve na Seedamm. Na slanisk\u00e1ch, zasolen\u00fdch l\u00fakach a stepiach kvitne koncom leta vz\u00e1cna astri\u010dka pan\u00f3nska <\/strong>(Tripolium pannonicum).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Vt\u00e1k roka 2022 - dudok chochlat\u00fd. Foto: Juraj \u017diak<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Vahadlov\u00e9 studne plnili v minulosti v\u00fdznamn\u00fa funkciu pri pastve zvierat. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Vodn\u00e9 plochy \u2013 so\u013en\u00e9 jazer\u00e1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Medzi v\u00fdchodn\u00fdm brehom Nezidersk\u00e9ho jazera a Hans\u00e1g-om sa rozprestiera okolo 45 jazier, ktor\u00e9 formuj\u00fa charakter oblasti Seewinkel. Tieto vodn\u00e9 plochy s\u00fa v mnoh\u00fdch oh\u013eadoch extr\u00e9mne: podobne ako v Neziderskom jazere, hladina vody v jazer\u00e1ch je tie\u017e ovplyvnen\u00e1 zr\u00e1\u017ekami a v\u00fdparom. Pohybuje sa od maxim\u00e1lne 70 cm na jar a\u017e po \u00fapln\u00e9 vyschnutie uprostred leta. S kol\u00edsavou hladinou vody sa v t\u00fdchto vod\u00e1ch dramaticky men\u00ed aj koncentr\u00e1cia rozpusten\u00fdch sol\u00ed. Ak jazero \u00faplne vyschne, soli kry\u0161talizuj\u00fa na dne a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa biely povlak. Nielen zmena hladiny vody a salinity, ale aj teplotn\u00fd rozdiel medzi d\u0148om a nocou premen\u00ed so\u013en\u00e9 jazer\u00e1 kr\u00e1tko pred vyschnut\u00edm na extr\u00e9mne biotopy s dynamick\u00fdmi podmienkami. .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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V\u00fdznam kosenia a pastvy pre slanisk\u00e1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 veget\u00e1cia tu vznikla st\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm pasen\u00edm. Pasenie a kosenie l\u00fak udr\u017eiava otvoren\u00e9 plochy pre stepn\u00e9 druhy. Odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm biomasy sa odober\u00fa aj \u017eiviny. V\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee tu rast\u00fa chudobn\u00e9 such\u00e9 a polosuch\u00e9 tr\u00e1vnat\u00e9 porasty, ktor\u00e9 patria medzi takzvan\u00e9 prioritn\u00e9 biotopy v r\u00e1mci E\u00da. Stretneme sa tu s pojmom \u201eHutweide\u201c, ktor\u00fd je odvoden\u00fd od slova \u201estr\u00e1\u017eca\u201c. Ozna\u010duje, \u017ee pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 oblasti s\u00fa sp\u00e1san\u00e9 zvieratami v sprievode pastiera a jeho psov. Zo spr\u00e1vneho mana\u017ementu \u00fazemia profituj\u00fa l\u00fa\u010dne hniezdi\u010de ako c\u00edbik chochlat\u00fd<\/strong> (Vanellus vanellus)<\/em>, kalu\u017eiak \u010dervenonoh\u00fd<\/strong> (Tringa totanus)<\/em>, breh\u00e1r \u010diernochvost\u00fd <\/strong>(Limosa limosa)<\/em>, \u0161kovr\u00e1nok po\u013en\u00fd<\/strong> (Alauda arvensis)<\/em> \u010di trasochvost \u017elt\u00fd <\/strong>(Motacilla flava)<\/em>. V otvorenej krajine m\u00f4\u017eu vt\u00e1ky v\u010das spozorova\u0165 svojich pred\u00e1torov, ako je ka\u0148a mo\u010diarna<\/strong> (Circus aeruginosus)<\/em> alebo l\u00ed\u0161ka oby\u010dajn\u00e1<\/strong> (Vulpes vulpes)<\/em>. .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pan\u00f3nsky endemit astri\u010dka pan\u00f3nska. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Vn\u00fatrozemsk\u00e9 slanisk\u00e1 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa iba v niektor\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Vhodn\u00e9 podmienky tu nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa aj mravcolevy<\/strong> (Myrmeleonidae)<\/em>, krton\u00f4\u017eky<\/strong> (Gryllotalpidae)<\/em> \u010di kon\u00edk modrokr\u00eddly<\/strong> (Oedipoda caerulescens)<\/em> \u2013 a sl\u00fa\u017eia ako potrava dudkovi chochlat\u00e9mu<\/strong> (Upupa epops)<\/em>. Tento ohrozen\u00fd druh je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na \u0161etrne obhospodarovanej krajine. Domov tu nach\u00e1dza mno\u017estvo hmyzu, vyskytuj\u00fa sa tu oboj\u017eiveln\u00edky ako rosni\u010dka zelen\u00e1 <\/strong>(Hyla arborea)<\/em> \u010di kunka \u010dervenobruch\u00e1<\/strong> (Bombina bombina)<\/em>, ako aj niektor\u00e9 cicavce - od my\u0161ky drobnej <\/strong>(Micromys minutus)<\/em> po svi\u0148u div\u00fa<\/strong> (Sus scrofa)<\/em> a jele\u0148a lesn\u00e9ho <\/strong>(Cervus elaphus)<\/em>. P\u00e1s t\u0155stia je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm miestom rozmno\u017eovania a zdrojom potravy pre mnoh\u00e9 druhy vt\u00e1kov: v kol\u00f3ni\u00e1ch tu hniezdia belu\u0161e ve\u013ek\u00e9<\/strong> (Ardea alba)<\/em>, belu\u0161e mal\u00e9 <\/strong>(Egretta garzetta)<\/em>, ly\u017ei\u010diare biele <\/strong>(Platalea leucorodia)<\/em> a kormor\u00e1ny mal\u00e9<\/strong> (Microcarbo pygmeus)<\/em>. Tis\u00edce trstinov\u00fdch spevavcov si tu stavaj\u00fa hniezda a h\u013eadaj\u00fa potravu, hniezdia tu chria\u0161tele, mnoh\u00e9 druhy ka\u010d\u00edc ako aj husi div\u00e9<\/strong> (Anser anser)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fascinuj\u00faca je rozloha trstinov\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma okolo Nezidersk\u00e9ho jazera - pribli\u017ene 180 km2. T\u00e1to divo\u010dina trste, vody a bahna tak predstavuje druh\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu s\u00favisl\u00fa trstinov\u00fa oblas\u0165 v Eur\u00f3pe \u2013 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu rozlohu n\u00e1jdeme iba v delte Dunaja. To, \u010do na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead p\u00f4sob\u00ed monot\u00f3nnym dojmom, sa pri bli\u017e\u0161om poh\u013eade ukazuje ako pestr\u00e9 prostredie s \u010das\u0165ami mladej a star\u0161ej trstiny, otvoren\u00fdch vodn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch a kan\u00e1lov.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Ochrana pr\u00edrody<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Jedine\u010dn\u00e1 fauna a fl\u00f3ra s\u00fa chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 dvomi n\u00e1rodn\u00fdmi parkmi Neusiedler See\u2013 Seewinkel a Fert\u0151-Hans\u00e1g, ako aj t\u00fdm, \u017ee \u00fazemie je od roku 2001 zap\u00edsan\u00e9 do Zoznamu svetov\u00e9ho dedi\u010dstva UNESCO. Ma\u010farsk\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00fd Park Fert\u0151-Hans\u00e1g Nemzeti existuje od roku 1991. Vznikol dva roky pred zalo\u017een\u00edm N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku Neusiedler See \u2013 Seewinkel v Rak\u00fasku. Spolupr\u00e1ca medzi oboma krajinami m\u00e1 na \u00farovni ochrany pr\u00edrody dlhoro\u010dn\u00fa trad\u00edciu. V roku 1994 sa spolo\u010dne oslavovalo otvorenie cezhrani\u010dn\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Neusiedlersee Pribli\u017ene 100 km2 N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku Neusiedler See - Seewinkel le\u017e\u00ed na rak\u00faskom a 200 km2 na ma\u010farskom \u00fazem\u00ed. V jeho okol\u00ed sa m\u00f4\u017eete vyda\u0165 niektorou z 2 500 kilometrov dlh\u00fdch cyklotr\u00e1s - t\u00e1 najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ia, dlh\u00e1 138 kilometrov, je prepojen\u00e1 s Dunajskou cyklocestou. Pre n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park je typick\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e1 rozmanitos\u0165 druhov aj biotopov \u2013 n\u00e1jdeme<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":20511,"parent":0,"template":"","kategoria-bigling":[87],"class_list":["post-21943","bigling","type-bigling","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kategoria-bigling-lokality-rakusko"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6.jpg",2560,1920,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-300x225.jpg",300,225,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-768x576.jpg",768,576,true],"large":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-1024x768.jpg",1024,768,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-1536x1152.jpg",1536,1152,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-2048x1536.jpg",2048,1536,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/AT6-450x450.jpg",450,450,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"M\u00e1ria Filov\u00e1","author_link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Neusiedlersee Pribli\u017ene 100 km2 N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku Neusiedler See - Seewinkel le\u017e\u00ed na rak\u00faskom a 200 km2 na ma\u010farskom \u00fazem\u00ed. V jeho okol\u00ed sa m\u00f4\u017eete vyda\u0165 niektorou z 2 500 kilometrov dlh\u00fdch cyklotr\u00e1s - t\u00e1 najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ia, dlh\u00e1 138 kilometrov, je prepojen\u00e1 s Dunajskou cyklocestou. Pre n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park je typick\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00e1 rozmanitos\u0165 druhov aj biotopov \u2013 n\u00e1jdeme","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"meta_box":{"bigling_intro":"

Plytk\u00e9 slabo slan\u00e9 jazero s maxim\u00e1lnou h\u013abkou 2 metre je zvy\u0161kom oce\u00e1nu\u00a0Tethys<\/b>, nach\u00e1dza sa v Rak\u00fasku a Ma\u010farsku. Neusiedlersee je s rozlohou cca 315 km2 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie stepn\u00e9 jazero v Eur\u00f3pe.<\/p>\n

Centrum N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho parku Neusiedler See \u2013 Seewinkel v Illmitz pon\u00faka p\u00fatav\u00fa pr\u00edrodovedn\u00fa\u00a0v\u00fdstavu<\/b>\u00a0a ne\u010falek\u00e1\u00a0pozorovate\u013e\u0148a vt\u00e1ctva<\/b>\u00a0je ide\u00e1lna pre birdwatching (pozorovanie vt\u00e1ctva).<\/p>\n

Lange Lacke<\/b>\u00a0je najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm z viac ako 40 slan\u00fdch jazier v n\u00e1rodnom parku a vt\u00e1\u010d\u00edm rajom eur\u00f3pskeho v\u00fdznamu.<\/p>\n","bigling_lokalita":"Burgenland","bigling_mapa":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/maps\/Neusiedlersee\/","bigling_youtube":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3IMx9Z2oL2g","pracovne_listy":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bigling\/21943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bigling"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/bigling"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20511"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kategoria-bigling","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategoria-bigling?post=21943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}