{"id":21958,"date":"2022-12-12T08:21:58","date_gmt":"2022-12-12T08:21:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/?post_type=bigling&p=21958"},"modified":"2023-02-08T10:17:13","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T10:17:13","slug":"lainzer-tiergarten","status":"publish","type":"bigling","link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/bigling\/lainzer-tiergarten\/","title":{"rendered":"Lainzer Tiergarten"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Vstupn\u00e1 br\u00e1na Lainzer Tor. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Lainzer Tiergarten<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zvernica Lainzer Tiergarten, nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faca sa na z\u00e1padnom okraji mesta Viede\u0148, bola z ve\u013ekej \u010dasti prenechan\u00e1 pr\u00edrode. Na ploche 2 450 hekt\u00e1rov pon\u00faka pestr\u00e9 scen\u00e9rie. Spolu s druhovo rozmanit\u00fdm zast\u00fapen\u00edm \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov i rastl\u00edn tak predstavuje nielen pr\u00edrodovedne zauj\u00edmav\u00fa lokalitu, ale aj ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fa rekrea\u010dn\u00fa a v\u00fdletn\u00fa destin\u00e1ciu hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Rak\u00faska.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Vodn\u00e9 toky a plochy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00dazem\u00edm pretek\u00e1 nieko\u013eko potokov a n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkov osvie\u017ei viac ako 10 pekne upraven\u00fdch studni\u010diek \u010di prame\u0148ov. Ne\u010faleko najsevernej\u0161ej vstupnej br\u00e1ny, tzv. Pulverstampftor, te\u010die potok Rotwasser, patriaci medzi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie potoky v Lainzer Tiergarten. \u00dasti do bl\u00edzkej rieky Viedenky. Nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa sa tu aj dva rybn\u00edky Gr\u00fcnauer Teich a Hohenauer Teich. Medzi typick\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov \u017eij\u00facich najm\u00e4 v bl\u00edzkosti \u010dist\u00fdch potokov a studni\u010diek patria salamandry \u0161kvrnit\u00e9 (Salamandra salamandra)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Hermesvilla, zn\u00e1ma ako \u201ez\u00e1mok snov\u201c cis\u00e1rovnej Sissi, je dnes s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou M\u00fazea mesta Viede\u0148. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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V m\u00e1ji a j\u00fani kvitn\u00faci vstava\u010dovec m\u00e1jov\u00fd je typick\u00fd \u0161kvrnit\u00fdmi listami. Foto: \u0160efferov\u00e1 Stanov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Lesy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Lainzer Tiergarten je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou Viedensk\u00e9ho lesa (\u201cWienerwald\u201d), ktor\u00fd sa tiahne bezprostredne pred br\u00e1nami Viedne. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu \u00fazemia (80 percent) tvoria lesn\u00e9 plochy, pri\u010dom najhojnej\u0161\u00edm druhom stromu je buk lesn\u00fd <\/strong>(Fagus sylvatica)<\/em>. Z\u00e1sadn\u00fd v\u00fdznam pre pre\u017eitie mno\u017estva lesn\u00fdch organizmov maj\u00fa odumieraj\u00face a m\u0155tve stromy. Na odumret\u00fdch bukoch \u017eije kr\u00e1sny fuz\u00e1\u010d alpsk\u00fd <\/strong>(Rosalia alpina)<\/em>, ktor\u00fd sa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch vyskytoval vo Viedni iba vz\u00e1cne. Mo\u017eno tu n\u00e1js\u0165 zostatky dubov\u00fdch porastov so 400-ro\u010dn\u00fdmi dubmi s obvodom kme\u0148a viac ako \u0161tyri metre. Patria medzi najstar\u0161ie stromy - rastie tu dub \u010derven\u00fd<\/strong> (Quercus rubra)<\/em>, dub zimn\u00fd <\/strong>(Quercus petraea)<\/em>, dub letn\u00fd<\/strong> (Quercus robur)<\/em> a dub cerov\u00fd <\/strong>(Quercus cerris)<\/em>. Odumret\u00e9 duby vyh\u013ead\u00e1va vz\u00e1cny fuz\u00e1\u010d dubov\u00fd<\/strong> (Plagionotus arcuatus)<\/em>, \u010di n\u00e1\u0161 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed chrob\u00e1k roh\u00e1\u010d ve\u013ek\u00fd<\/strong> (Lucanus cervus)<\/em>. Vo zvern\u00edkoch pri br\u00e1ne Lainzer Tor \u017eije jelenia, danielia, srn\u010dia a mufl\u00f3nia zver. Usiluj\u00fa sa tu o sp\u00e4tn\u00e9 vy\u0161\u013eachtenie tura div\u00e9ho, vyhuben\u00e9ho v roku 1627. Obora aj okraje lesa s\u00fa zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 aj jedin\u00fdm v\u00fdskytom orchidey zn\u00e1mej netypick\u00fdm ru\u017eov\u00fdm gu\u013eovit\u00fdm s\u00fakvet\u00edm, pavstava\u010da hlavat\u00e9ho<\/strong> (Traunsteinera globosa)<\/em>, vo Viedni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Z hist\u00f3rie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Prv\u00e1 p\u00edsomn\u00e1 zmienka o \u00fazem\u00ed poch\u00e1dza z roku 1270, od polovice 15. storo\u010dia sl\u00fa\u017eilo ako cis\u00e1rsky po\u013eovn\u00fd rev\u00edr. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa rozlohu dosiahol Lainzer Tiergarten v 18. storo\u010d\u00ed za vl\u00e1dy cis\u00e1ra Franti\u0161ka Jozefa I., jedn\u00e9ho z najdlh\u0161ie panuj\u00facich monarchov v dejin\u00e1ch. Aj dnes tu m\u00f4\u017eeme obdivova\u0165 impozantn\u00fd \u201ez\u00e1mok snov\u201c Hermesvilla<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd dal postavi\u0165 pre svoju man\u017eelku, cis\u00e1rovn\u00fa Sissi. Vila aj s okolit\u00fdmi budovami a staj\u0148ami bola dokon\u010den\u00e1 v roku 1886. Mo\u017eno tu nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 s\u00fakromn\u00e9 komnaty, reprezenta\u010dn\u00e9 miestnosti s umeleck\u00fdmi dielami, \u010di n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 gigantick\u00e9 lustre, vyzdoben\u00e9 stropy a n\u00e1stenn\u00e9 ma\u013eby od Hansa Makarta, Gustava Klimta a Victora Tilgnera. Zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou je, \u017ee ulica ved\u00faca k vile bola jedna z prv\u00fdch vo Viedni, ktor\u00e1 mala elektrick\u00e9 osvetlenie a vila bola tie\u017e jednou z prv\u00fdch budov vo Viedni s telef\u00f3nnym spojen\u00edm. Od roku 1978 sl\u00fa\u017ei na organizovanie v\u00fdstav a je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou Viedensk\u00e9ho m\u00fazea.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Informa\u010dn\u00e9 tabule s mapou \u00fazemia Lainzer Tor. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ochrana pr\u00edrody<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Viedensk\u00fd les nebol chr\u00e1nen\u00fd odnepam\u00e4ti. V roku 1872 hrozilo, \u017ee sa \u0161tvrtina plochy lesa pred\u00e1 na v\u00fdrub. Vtedy sa v\u010faka Josefovi Sch\u00f6ffelovi, s pomocou akt\u00edvnych novin\u00e1rov, podarilo v\u00fdrubu zabr\u00e1ni\u0165. Od roku 1941 je u\u017e \u00fazemie Lainzer Tiergarten pr\u00edrodnou rezerv\u00e1ciou, od roku 2002 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou Biosf\u00e9rickej rezerv\u00e1cie Viedensk\u00fd les a od roku 2008 aj s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou lokal\u00edt Natura 2000. Do pr\u00edrodnej rezerv\u00e1cie patr\u00ed aj pr\u00edrodn\u00e1 lesn\u00e1 rezerv\u00e1cia Johannser Kogel. Na rozlohe cca 45 hekt\u00e1rov bola vyhl\u00e1sen\u00e1 v roku 1972 a je ponechan\u00e1 na v\u00fdskum a prirodzen\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, bez mo\u017enosti vstupu n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Aj samot\u00e1rska l\u00ed\u0161ka si v Lainzer Tiergarten na\u0161la svoj domov. Foto: Arch\u00edv Daphne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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L\u00faky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u00faky vo Viedenskom lese vznikli vykl\u010dovan\u00edm a st\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm obhospodarovan\u00edm \u00fazemia \u010dlovekom. Aby nezar\u00e1stli, je potrebn\u00e9 ich pravidelne kosi\u0165 a sp\u00e1sa\u0165. Dnes sa v\u0161ak vo Viedenskom lese pasie m\u00e1lo a aj preto patria l\u00faky medzi najviac ohrozen\u00e9 biotopy. Z viac ako 80 pr\u00edsne chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch vo\u013ene rast\u00facich druhov, poddruhov a odr\u00f4d orchide\u00ed mo\u017eno n\u00e1js\u0165 na \u00fazem\u00ed Lainzer Tiergarten asi 20 z nich. Vz\u00e1cne sa tu vyskytuje vstava\u010d oby\u010dajn\u00fd <\/strong>(Orchis morio)<\/em>, vstava\u010dovec m\u00e1jov\u00fd <\/strong>(Dactylorhiza majalis)<\/em>, vstava\u010dovec Fuchsov<\/strong> (Dactylorhiza fuchsii)<\/em>, \u010di p\u00e4\u0165prstnica oby\u010dajn\u00e1 <\/strong>(Gymnadenia conopsea)<\/em>. Na vlhk\u00fdch l\u00fakach rastie kru\u0161t\u00edk mo\u010diarny<\/strong> (Epipactis palustris)<\/em>, vstava\u010dovec strmolist\u00fd<\/strong> (Dactylorhiza incarnata)<\/em>, vstava\u010d vojensk\u00fd<\/strong> (Orchis militaris)<\/em> a jarn\u00e1 forma neotiney po\u010dernej <\/strong>(Neotinea ustulata)<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vlhk\u00e9 l\u00faky s prameniskovou veget\u00e1ciou ob\u013eubuj\u00fa aj jedny z na\u0161ich najmen\u0161\u00edch oboj\u017eiveln\u00edkov - mloky bodkovan\u00e9 <\/strong>(Triturus vulgaris)<\/em>. Ich d\u013a\u017eka m\u00e1lokedy presiahne 6 centimetrov. Neodmyslite\u013enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou l\u00fak s\u00fa mot\u00fdle. Z celkovo 105 druhov denn\u00fdch mot\u00fd\u013eov, vyskytuj\u00facich sa vo Viedni, bolo 74 zaznamenan\u00fdch pr\u00e1ve v Lainzer Tiergarten - napr. vidlochvost ovocn\u00fd<\/strong> (Iphiclides podalirius)<\/em> \u010di bab\u00f4\u010dka admir\u00e1lska <\/strong>(Vanessa atalanta)<\/em>. Z no\u010dn\u00fdch druhov je be\u017en\u00fd spriada\u010d kostihojov\u00fd <\/strong>(Euplagia quadripunctaria)<\/em> a li\u0161aj marinkov\u00fd <\/strong>(Macroglossum stellatarum)<\/em>, vzh\u013eadom a pohybom kr\u00eddel pripom\u00ednaj\u00faci kolibr\u00edka.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lainzer Tiergarten Zvernica Lainzer Tiergarten, nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faca sa na z\u00e1padnom okraji mesta Viede\u0148, bola z ve\u013ekej \u010dasti prenechan\u00e1 pr\u00edrode. Na ploche 2 450 hekt\u00e1rov pon\u00faka pestr\u00e9 scen\u00e9rie. Spolu s druhovo rozmanit\u00fdm zast\u00fapen\u00edm \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov i rastl\u00edn tak predstavuje nielen pr\u00edrodovedne zauj\u00edmav\u00fa lokalitu, ale aj ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fa rekrea\u010dn\u00fa a v\u00fdletn\u00fa destin\u00e1ciu hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Rak\u00faska. Vodn\u00e9 toky a plochy \u00dazem\u00edm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":21960,"parent":0,"template":"","kategoria-bigling":[87],"class_list":["post-21958","bigling","type-bigling","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","kategoria-bigling-lokality-rakusko"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1.jpeg",2048,1536,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1-150x150.jpeg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1-300x225.jpeg",300,225,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1-768x576.jpeg",768,576,true],"large":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1-1024x768.jpeg",1024,768,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1-1536x1152.jpeg",1536,1152,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1.jpeg",2048,1536,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fotoFour-1-450x450.jpeg",450,450,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"M\u00e1ria Filov\u00e1","author_link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Lainzer Tiergarten Zvernica Lainzer Tiergarten, nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faca sa na z\u00e1padnom okraji mesta Viede\u0148, bola z ve\u013ekej \u010dasti prenechan\u00e1 pr\u00edrode. Na ploche 2 450 hekt\u00e1rov pon\u00faka pestr\u00e9 scen\u00e9rie. Spolu s druhovo rozmanit\u00fdm zast\u00fapen\u00edm \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov i rastl\u00edn tak predstavuje nielen pr\u00edrodovedne zauj\u00edmav\u00fa lokalitu, ale aj ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fa rekrea\u010dn\u00fa a v\u00fdletn\u00fa destin\u00e1ciu hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Rak\u00faska. Vodn\u00e9 toky a plochy \u00dazem\u00edm","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"meta_box":{"bigling_intro":"

Lokalita je zn\u00e1ma impozantn\u00fdm \u201ez\u00e1mkom snov\u201c Hermesvilla<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd bol postaven\u00fd v\u00a0roku 1886 pre rak\u00fasku cis\u00e1rovn\u00fa \u201eSissi\u201c - Al\u017ebetu Bavorsk\u00fa.<\/p>\n

S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou je aj pr\u00edrodn\u00e1 lesn\u00e1 rezerv\u00e1cia Johannser Kogel<\/strong> ponechan\u00e1 na tzv. \u201esamov\u00fdvoj\u201c \u2013 teda bez z\u00e1sahu \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n

Hodnota \u00fazemia spo\u010d\u00edva vo vysokej biodiverzite - <\/strong>mno\u017estve ohrozen\u00fdch rastlinn\u00fdch a \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nych druhov a vysokom podiele stojaceho a le\u017eiaceho m\u0155tveho dreva.<\/p>\n","bigling_lokalita":"Viede\u0148, Doln\u00e9 Rak\u00fasko","bigling_mapa":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/maps\/LainzerTiergarten\/","bigling_youtube":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-KoQNg5rEm4","pracovne_listy":[{"filesize":15133762,"ID":"23900","name":"BIG_LING_Lainzer-Tiergarten_SK_spolu.pdf","path":"\/data\/4\/1\/417a9a2b-0a0c-4de1-ad6e-a874f7a53cae\/daphne.sk\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/BIG_LING_Lainzer-Tiergarten_SK_spolu.pdf","url":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/BIG_LING_Lainzer-Tiergarten_SK_spolu.pdf","title":"BIG_LING_Lainzer Tiergarten_SK_spolu"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bigling\/21958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bigling"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/bigling"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kategoria-bigling","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategoria-bigling?post=21958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}