{"id":33448,"date":"2026-03-01T15:32:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-01T15:32:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/?p=33448"},"modified":"2026-03-05T09:05:18","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T09:05:18","slug":"jar-sa-prebudza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daphne.sk\/en\/jar-sa-prebudza\/","title":{"rendered":"JAR SA PREB\u00daDZA"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzva na marec<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n

Marec je mesiacom skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho preb\u00fadzania pr\u00edrody. Dni sa cite\u013ene predl\u017euj\u00fa, slnko naber\u00e1 na sile a krajina sa men\u00ed takmer zo d\u0148a na de\u0148. V lesoch, na l\u00fakach aj v mestsk\u00fdch parkoch rozkvitaj\u00fa prv\u00e9 jarn\u00e9 byliny a svojou farbou o\u017eivuj\u00fa e\u0161te ned\u00e1vno zimn\u00fa scen\u00e9riu. Spolu s nimi sa preb\u00fadza aj svet \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov. Lesom sa oz\u00fdva h\u00fakanie sovy, na poliach mo\u017eno zazrie\u0165 pohyb srnca \u010di zajaca a pri vodn\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch sa objavuj\u00fa prv\u00e9 plazy.<\/p>\r\n

Sta\u010d\u00ed sa na chv\u00ed\u013eu zastavi\u0165, zapo\u010d\u00fava\u0165 sa a pozorne sa rozhliadnu\u0165. Marec n\u00e1m pon\u00faka jedine\u010dn\u00fa pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 pozorova\u0165 za\u010diatok nov\u00e9ho pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho cyklu \u2013 od prv\u00fdch kvetov a\u017e po zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa aktivitu zvierat.<\/p>\r\n

Pozorovanie ratl\u00edn<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n

\u00a0\u010co pr\u00e1ve kvitne?<\/span><\/b>\u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Jarn\u00e9 druhy rastl\u00edn st\u00e1le viac sfarbuj\u00fa na\u0161e l\u00faky, lesy aj mestsk\u00e9 parky. Svoj\u00edm skor\u00fdm kvitnut\u00edm vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa dostupnos\u0165 svetla e\u0161te pred t\u00fdm, ne\u017e sa na stromoch zazelenaj\u00fa listy. Ak sa v tomto \u010dase vyd\u00e1te na\u010derpa\u0165 silu do pr\u00edrody, pote\u0161te svojou\u00a0fotografiou ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9ho druhu aj ostatn\u00fdch - vlo\u017ete je\u00a0do koment\u00e1ra na na\u0161ich soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach. A samozrejme budeme radi, ak svoje fotografie nahr\u00e1te aj do aplik\u00e1cie iNaturalist a t\u00fdm pom\u00f4\u017eete s mapovan\u00edm slovenskej pr\u00edrody\u00a0\u00a0\ud83d\udcf8 \ud83d\udc9a.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

P\u013e\u00facnik lek\u00e1rsky\/ <\/span><\/span>Pulmonaria<\/span> officinalis<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

P\u013e\u00facnik je trv\u00e1ca bylina, ktor\u00e1 dorast\u00e1 do v\u00fd\u0161ky 10-35 cm. Rastie v\u00a0krovin\u00e1ch a na okrajoch\u00a0zmie\u0161an\u00fdch a\u00a0listnat\u00fdch lesov. M\u00e1 charakteristicky bodkovan\u00e9 listy a\u00a0farebn\u00e9 kvety, ktor\u00e9 menia farbu od ru\u017eovej a\u017e po modr\u00fa. P\u013e\u00facnik je zn\u00e1my pre svoje lie\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky, vyu\u017e\u00edva sa najm\u00e4 pri ochoreniach d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest. Vo forme masti sa pou\u017e\u00edva pri ko\u017en\u00fdch probl\u00e9moch.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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Fialka vo\u0148av\u00e1 \/<\/span><\/span> Viola <\/span>odorata<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Fialka je trv\u00e1ca bylina dorastaj\u00faca do v\u00fd\u0161ky 10-15 cm. Vyskytuje sa vo vlhk\u00fdch, jemne\u00a0presvetlen\u00fdch listnat\u00fdch lesoch, v\u00a0n\u00edzkej tr\u00e1ve, krovin\u00e1ch, sadoch a\u00a0parkoch. S\u00fdto modrofialov\u00e9 kvety fialky pr\u00edjemne vo\u0148av\u00fa. Zriedka sa vyskytne v\u00a0bielej farbe. Jej lie\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 pri ochoreniach d\u00fdchac\u00edch ciest, ale aj pri bolestiach hlavy a\u00a0migr\u00e9ne alebo bolestiach hrdla.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Krivec<\/span> \u017elt\u00fd \/ <\/span><\/span>Gagea<\/span> lutea<\/span><\/span> <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Krivec je trv\u00e1ca, 10 - 30 cm vysok\u00e1 bylina, ktor\u00e1 sa hojne vyskytuje hlavne v\u00a0lu\u017en\u00fdch lesoch, na aluvi\u00e1lnych l\u00fakach v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti lesa a\u00a0v\u00a0sadoch. Kvety m\u00e1 \u017eltej farby, z\u00a0vonkaj\u0161ej strany jemne zeleno pruhovan\u00e9. Pri nepriaznivom po\u010das\u00ed <\/span>(d\u00e1\u017e\u010f, sneh, zima) alebo po odtrhnut\u00ed sa kvet r\u00fdchlo zatvor\u00ed. <\/span>V\u00a0minulosti sa krivec vyu\u017e\u00edval ako lie\u010div\u00e1 bylina. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Chochla\u010dka dut\u00e1 \/ <\/span><\/span>Corydalis<\/span> cava<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Dosahuje v\u00fd\u0161ku 10 - 35 cm. Rastie v h\u00e1joch, lu\u017en\u00fdch a zmie\u0161an\u00fdch lesoch. Kvety m\u00e1 biele, \u017eltkast\u00e9, purpurov\u00e9 alebo i ru\u017eov\u00e9 \u010di fialov\u00e9. \u010casto sa na jednej rastline nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa kvetn\u00e9 strapce kvitn\u00face na bielo a v in\u00fdch farb\u00e1ch s\u00fa\u010dasne. Na r\u00f4znych druhoch chochla\u010dky sa vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa h\u00fasenice jedn\u00e9ho z na\u0161ich chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch mot\u00fd\u013eov \u2013 jaso\u0148a chochla\u010dkov\u00e9ho. Je jedovat\u00e1.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Pozorovanie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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V marci sa predl\u017euje de\u0148 a postupne sa otepluje, \u010do je pre mnoh\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy sign\u00e1l, \u017ee prich\u00e1dza jar. Za\u010d\u00edna sa rozmno\u017eovacie obdobie a zvierat\u00e1 s\u00fa akt\u00edvnej\u0161ie, viac sa pohybuj\u00fa a h\u013eadaj\u00fa partnerov \u010di potravu. Ke\u010f\u017ee veget\u00e1cia je e\u0161te n\u00edzka, m\u00e1me v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu \u0161ancu ich v pr\u00edrode spozorova\u0165.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

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Sova oby\u010dajn\u00e1 \/ <\/span><\/span>Strix<\/span> <\/em>aluco<\/em> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

U\u017e od polovice febru\u00e1ra za\u010d\u00edna tok sovy oby\u010dajnej \u2013 krajinou sa rozlieha nezameniteln\u00e9 h\u00fakanie, ktor\u00fdm samce d\u00e1vaj\u00fa najavo \u201etoto je m\u00f4j priestor\u201c a\u00a0samice im odpovedaj\u00fa. Vyskytuj\u00fa sa v\u00a0star\u0161\u00edch lesoch, listnat\u00fdch, zmie\u0161an\u00fdch alebo ihli\u010dnat\u00fdch, v\u00a0mestsk\u00fdch parkoch, z\u00e1hrad\u00e1ch alebo na cintor\u00ednoch. Hniezdia v dutin\u00e1ch star\u00fdch stromov, na poval\u00e1ch star\u00fdch budov, vo v\u00fdklenkoch stavieb i v star\u00fdch hniezdach dravcov. Ke\u010f\u00a0vytvoria p\u00e1r, samica znesie 3 \u2013 5 vajec, na ktor\u00fdch sed\u00ed 28 \u2013 30 dn\u00ed, pri\u010dom samec jej prin\u00e1\u0161a potravu. \u017divia sa drobn\u00fdmi hlodavcami a\u00a0vt\u00e1kmi, v\u00a0niektor\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch \u017eabami, d\u00e1\u017e\u010fovkami a\u00a0hmyzom.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Srnec lesn\u00fd \/ <\/span><\/span>Capreolus<\/span> capreolus<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Srnec lesn\u00fd sa vyskytuje vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch typoch lesov, r\u00e1d nav\u0161tevuje polia a\u00a0l\u00faky. Je to n\u00e1\u0161 najmen\u0161\u00ed kopytn\u00edk. M\u00e1 \u0161t\u00edhly krk a\u00a0\u00fazku hlavu, letn\u00e1 srs\u0165 je \u017elto-hrdzavej farby a\u017e \u010dervenohnedej, v\u00a0zime je jeho srs\u0165 sivohnedej farby. V\u00a0potrave je ve\u013emi prieber\u010div\u00fd \u2013 vyh\u013ead\u00e1va vysoko v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky alebo rastliny, kon\u00e1riky drev\u00edn, sez\u00f3nne patria do jeho potravy aj huby alebo plody stromov. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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U\u017eovka obojkov\u00e1 \/ <\/span><\/span>Natrix <\/span><\/span>natrix<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

U\u017eovka obojkov\u00e1 je n\u00e1\u0161 najbe\u017enej\u0161\u00ed had. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyskytuje v\u00a0okol\u00ed jazier, potokov a\u00a0riek ke\u010f\u017ee m\u00e1 rada vlhk\u00e9 miesta v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti vody. Charakteristick\u00fdm znakom u\u017eovky obojkovej s\u00fa dve \u017elt\u00e9 \u0161kvrny za hlavou. Ko\u017ea na chrbte je sivej a\u017e hnedastej farby alebo olivovo zelenej farby s\u00a0tmav\u00fdmi \u0161kvrnami po bokoch jej \u0161t\u00edhleho tela. D\u013a\u017eka tela u\u00a0samcov je 60-70 cm, u\u00a0sam\u00edc 80-100 cm. Pri ohrozen\u00ed hr\u00e1 \u201cm\u0155tvu\u201d \u2013 upadne do strnul\u00e9ho stavu s bruchom nahor, hlavu m\u00e1 vyvr\u00e1ten\u00fa, papu\u013eu m\u00e1 otvoren\u00fa a jazyk je vo\u013ene vypadnut\u00fd von. S\u00fa\u010dasne vypust\u00ed zap\u00e1chaj\u00facu tekutinu. Po \u010dase sa preberie a sna\u017e\u00ed sa ujs\u0165. \u017div\u00ed sa najm\u00e4 \u017eabami, oboj\u017eiveln\u00edkmi a rybami.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Zajac po\u013en\u00fd \/ <\/span><\/span>Lepus<\/span> europaeus<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Vyskytuje sa v\u00a0otvorenej po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej krajine, na poliach, l\u00fakach a\u00a0pasienkoch. Zafarbenie zajaca po\u013en\u00e9ho je sivo\u017elt\u00e9 a\u017e hrdzavohned\u00e9, na slabin\u00e1ch a\u00a0krku \u010dasto s\u00a0hrdzav\u00fdm n\u00e1dychom. Brucho a\u00a0vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 strany stehien m\u00e1 bielej farby. Vrchn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 chvosta a\u00a0u\u0161n\u00edc je \u010diernej farby. Jeho zrak je slab\u0161\u00ed ale vie spozorova\u0165 pohyb. \u017div\u00ed sa rastlinnou potravou ako s\u00fa zelen\u00e9 \u010dasti rastl\u00edn, r\u00f4zne puky, plody alebo ohr\u00fdzaj\u00fa k\u00f4ru. Zajac nem\u00e1 brloh ako kr\u00e1lik, m\u00e1 plytk\u00e9 le\u017eovisko v\u00a0tr\u00e1vnatom poraste alebo si vyhrabe plytk\u00fa kotlinku, kde vie splyn\u00fa\u0165 s\u00a0povrchom p\u00f4dy.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

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Doporu\u010dujeme tieto aktivity pre verejnos\u0165, u\u010dite\u013eov a \u0161koly:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n